Close-up of teeth showing dental alignment and bite correction before orthodontic treatment.
Before
Close-up of white teeth and pink gums showing dental alignment and oral health.
After

Crowding of the teeth

Patient started treatment at age 11 and wore braces for 26 months. He loves his new smile.
Close-up of upper and lower teeth showing dental alignment and bite correction results.
Before
Close-up of upper and lower teeth showing dental alignment and bite relationship before orthodontic treatment.
After

Open bite - Front teeth don't touch

Patient sucked her thumb as a young child. She started treatment at age 13. She had braces and a special appliance — called a crib — to retrain the tongue, for 28 months. Now she can bite the lettuce out of a sandwich.
Close-up of upper and lower teeth showing orthodontic alignment and bite correction.
Before
Close-up of upper front teeth showing gum inflammation and plaque buildup before orthodontic treatment.
After

Deep overbite - Lower front teeth bite into palate

This adult patient, age 25, required braces and jaw surgery to correct his severe overbite, with treatment taking two years. His problem could have been corrected without surgery if he had been treated before he was a teenager.
Close-up intraoral view of upper teeth showing orthodontic treatment progress and dental alignment.
Before
Close-up view of teeth showing crowding and misalignment before orthodontic treatment.
After

Missing lateral incisors

This patient's lateral incisors were congenitally missing. She had braces for 20 months to move the teeth into their correct positions, then the missing teeth were replaced with bonded "Maryland" bridges.
Close-up view of upper front teeth showing white enamel and pink gum tissue in dental setting.
Before
Close-up of white teeth showing proper dental alignment and healthy gum tissue.
After

Underbite - Lower front teeth in front of upper teeth

Patient's underbite was causing her jaw joint discomfort and excessive wear patterns on her teeth. After about 30 months of treatment starting at age 32, she now finds smiling and chewing much easier.
Close-up of upper front teeth showing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners or brackets visible on dental surfaces.
Before
Close-up view of upper front teeth showing dental alignment and whiteness against pink gum tissue.
After

Spacing of teeth

Patient was bothered by the spaces between his teeth. Braces closed the spaces and gave him an ideal bite in 24 months. Special glued-in retainers help keep the spaces closed.
Close-up of upper front teeth showing white, evenly aligned teeth and healthy pink gums.
Before
Close-up of upper and lower teeth showing orthodontic alignment and bite correction results.
After

Overjet - Protruding front teeth

At age ten, patient had a big overjet with the top teeth protruding beyond the bottom. She had two phases of treatment. The first helped her jaws to grow more harmoniously and the second aligned her teeth and bite. At age 13, she was proudly displaying her new smile.
Close-up view of open mouth showing tongue and oral cavity during dental examination.
Before
Intraoral view of lower anterior teeth and gum tissue during orthodontic examination.
After

Non-braces treatment

Sometimes braces are not needed to get noticeable improvements in tooth alignment. This patient was first seen at age seven for crowding of the lower permanent teeth. A procedure was performed to reduce the width of the adjacent baby teeth and the permanent incisors aligned on their own in nine months.
Child's smile showing upper front teeth with visible gaps and misalignment before orthodontic treatment.
Before
Close-up of teeth with braces showing orthodontic treatment progress and dental alignment.
After

Phase-One

Patient's parents were concerned about both aesthetics and the health of the erupting permanent teeth when they brought him to the orthodontist at age eight. The lower front teeth were crowded and touching the palate, and the upper front teeth were extremely displaced from their normal positions. After 12 months of Phase-One treatment with an expander and partial braces, patient's appearance and dental function were vastly improved.

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